The Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and Israel (“the Commission”) was established on 27 May 20211 by the Human Rights Council to, inter alia, investigate in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in Israel all alleged violations of international humanitarian law and all alleged violations and abuses of international human rights law leading up to and since 13 April 2021, and establish the facts and circumstances that may amount to such violations and abuses and of crimes perpetrated.

The Commission has been collecting and analysing evidence in relation to alleged violations committed by all parties to the conflict. The Commission has published three mandated reports2 and three conference room papers detailing violations of international human rights law, international humanitarian law and international crimes committed by all parties since 7 October 2023.  The Commission’s legal findings in this report are primarily based on the factual findings contained in the reports that it has published since 7 October 2023, and findings from its mandated report that will be presented to the General Assembly in October 2025.

The Commission has relied on its own investigations but it is clear that its findings are not the only relevant facts and events for an analysis of genocide. The incidents included in this report are non-exhaustive of incidents relevant to an analysis of genocide.

Report by the United Nations Human Rights Council